Do fungi have an innate immune response? An NLR-based comparison to plant and animal immune systems

Do fungi have an innate immune response? An NLR-based comparison to plant and animal immune systems

Survival and evolutionary success of living organisms directly depend on the ability to respond appropriately to their biotic environments. Plants and animals have developed intricate mechanisms of recognition and response that require differentiation between self and potentially pathogenic nonself and containment of infected tissues [1]. A class of cytosolic Nucleotide Oligomerization Domain (...

Microbiome alterations are related to an imbalance of immune response and bacterial translocation in BDL-rats

Objective(s): Bacterial translocation in patients with cirrhosis is an important triggering factor for infections and mortality. In the bile duct ligation (BDL) model, crucial players of bacterial translocation are still unknown. This study aims to determine the interrelation between microbiome composition in the colon, mesenteric lymph nodes, and liver, as well as the...

Feliform carnivores have a distinguished constitutive innate immune response

Determining the immunological phenotype of endangered and threatened populations is important to identify those vulnerable to novel pathogens. Among mammals, members of the order Carnivora are particularly threatened by diseases. We therefore examined the constitutive innate immune system, the first line of protection against invading microbes, of six free-ranging carnivore species; the black-b...

Recruitment as an Innate Immune Response Galectin-3 Facilitates Neutrophil

Glucosinolate metabolites required for an Arabidopsis innate immune response.

The perception of pathogen or microbe-associated molecular pattern molecules by plants triggers a basal defense response analogous to animal innate immunity and is defined partly by the deposition of the glucan polymer callose at the cell wall at the site of pathogen contact. Transcriptional and metabolic profiling in Arabidopsis mutants, coupled with the monitoring of pathogen-triggered callos...